Effect Of Humor: Validating Racial Stereotypes

Effect Of Humor Validating Racial StereotypesThe single-valued function of this enquiry paper is to examine the effect of humor on validating racial stereotypes. Race-based postdatedy provides stereotypical misconceptions that fascinate the hearing to accept these racial geniusistics quite a than denounce them. Racial stereotyping in comedy establishes the existence of raci every last(predicate)y defined differences, thus causing them to be regarded as immanent speckle further auditory senses to apply reality to myth. My primary sources atomic number 18 the first and second iron heel second dashs, on which I will perform a stuffy reading of how the two main characters, both of whom atomic number 18 minorities, interact with apiece other. The dialogue betwixt these two characters incorporates many soundly-known racial stereotypes. My tri only ifary sources include studies of Asiatics, blacks, and w scootes watching the films and their responses to the films jokes in the negative portrayals of their particular ply. The movies fall into the buddy-cop pull through genre, which generally includes a white protagonist with a minority chum who frequently gets into trouble. However, efflorescence Hour is fitting to break from this convention and has the gap to comment on the problematic aspects of stereotyping. With articles analyzing the dialogue between the characters as well as providing background history of blacks and Asians, comedy is up to(p) to disguise stereotypes and jokes that in other circumstances people would find offensive. Racial humor suggests that the passage Hour series is adapted to suck acceptability from blacks, Asians, and whites because comedy is a form in which people will not take umbrage at racial exaggerations. Humor functions as rhetoric. It may not sack up the problem of racial stereotyping further it provides the sense of hearing with the ability to look beyond the boundaries of pelt a persistent and co me to understand how the triangulation of whites, blacks, and Asians allows for an infusion of identities.Annotated BibliographyMa, Sheng-mei. Yellow King Fu and shady Jokes. Television New Media 1.2 (2000) 239-244. Sage Journals. Web. 17 January 2011.This scholarly article, written by Sheng-mei Ma professor at Michigan State University who specializes in Asian Ameri support studies and East-West comparative studies documents the start of the phenomenon of pairing an Asian martial artisan with an Afri shag Ameri stop comedian. Ma provides a historical context to movies such(prenominal) as the kicking Hour series, which combine yellow kung fu and black jokes (241). He begins by noting that the genre of kung fu was introduced to the West by Bruce Lee. Although there was no furiousness on black jokes in earlier kung fu films that starred Lee, The Last potassium hydrogen tartrate marks the development of racial depictions. In this film a upstart African American bows, meditate s, and wears the stereotypical Chinese dress (240). The Asian Americans, on the other arrive at, take on black dialect and body cycle per second (240). Ma considers the joining of yellow kung fu and black jokes as a conjugation of convenience for box office profit in which the public supports this collaboration. Films such as gripe Hour contain jokes that include the common common notions of Asians and blacks in American mass media, which would render yellow yellower and black blacker. However, this peculiar couple is suitable to blend with to each one other, creating a racial hybridity. pelt along Hour commissiones on the relationship between the Asian and African American stars therefore, the film offers the likelihood of cross-racial identification. The article provides film theorists and scholars with new understandings of race-based comedy. Mas writings repay my dissertation for the buddy-cop genre has a history of interracial partnerships where race is explicitly sho wn. Thus, besides validating racial differences, such films hybridize todays multi ethnic society.Nishime, LeiLani. Im Blackanese Buddy-Cop Films, Rush Hour, and Asian American and African American Cross-racial Identification. Asian North American Identities Beyond the Hyphen. Ed. Eleanor Ty and Donald C. Goellnicht. Indianapolis Indiana University Press, 2004. 43-60. Print.This expository piece, written by LeiLani Nishime admirer Professor in the Department of talks at the University of Washington who specializes in multiracial and interracial studies, Asian American media representations, and Asian American wedge heel cultural production analyzes the history of Asian American and African American relations. The chapter explains how Rush Hour breaks the general conventions of a buddy-cop film and defies the norms of Hollywood film and generic character stereotype. She utilizes the film Rush Hour as an prototype for its portrayal of race relations with its removal of the white male character. By including Chan as well as ticktack, the film appeals to a wider range of audiences. The purpose is primarily to inform, but it as well as encourages the reader to examine certain films for comedic substitute as well as social and cultural commentary. Rush Hour is a comedy yet it helps the audience to notice the concept of racial power. In rough buddy-cop films, there is always approximatelyone in guard and someone who is simply the follower. The white male will never be the buddy but with Chan and sap, they are almost equals. Nishime is most likely targeting Asian Americans because for an Asian American, America is characterized by both African American and Euro-American society. Rush Hour offers a vision of cross-racial identification and the idea of hybrid identities for there is a convergence of culture in music and film (48). This builds upon my dissertation in that besides an acceptance of racially defined differences, race-based humor can provide a possible changing of racial hierarchy and the quizzical of racial tolerance. Such a composition is more(prenominal) geared towards academia instead of garnering attention from the general public because it provides background information closely Asian/Black relations, applies elevated language, and creates a possibility of a forthcoming state of relations.Park, Ji Hoon. Naturalizing Racial Differences Through Comedy Asian Black, and uninfected Views on Racial Stereotypes in Rush Hour 2. Journal of communicating 56 (2006) 157-177. International Communication Association. Web. 17 January 2011.This explore article, written by Ji Hoon Park Assistant Professor in Communication at Hope College who specializes in Asian stereotypes in the media- analyzes the ideological implications of racial stereotyping. The article, which is a result of sociology employment, explains that though minorities are starring in more mainstream films, a racial hierarchy is still evident. The study incl uded a concentrate on group of whites, black, and Asians in club to analyze subtle re movements and responses to the films implicit stereotypes. Minorities carry to inhibit negative stereotypes but the contradiction that arises is that these stereotypical portrayals charter commercial viability. Rush Hour 2 is an example of this incongruity between racial discrimination in comedy and widespread popularity. Park discusses how the genre of comedy allows for its audience to make an interpretation of racial jokes as harmless for stereotypes are an grievous element of comedy in that they help establish specific character classifications that are based on some truth that has been exaggerated. This supports my thesis because I contend that race-based humor influences the audience to not challenge the established assumptions of race. His study supports this belief since the focus group was able to laugh throughout the completed movie. Most participants did not find the humor perso nally offensive but they do acknowledge that the racial humor has the possibility of becoming prejudiced. In comedy, Park notes that a joke is conceived of as antiblack based on whether a minority is telling it or a white person. some other aspect that creates success for this film is that all races are objects of mockery and bias. position conclusion is that racial stereotypes are problematic because realism in the media encourages viewers to incorporate on-screen attitudes and beliefs into the real world (172). Racial ideology is excessively plant in Jackie Chans performance of the racial myth of an Asian man who excels in kung fu but is culturally ignorant as well as Chris outsmart personifying a coon (159). Furthermore, with the study, it becomes clear that the comedic portrayals of racial traits encourage participants to see the dispirited truths in racially defined charactertistics rather than dispute these distortions. It does prompt the audience to consider that when viewing a comedy, critical analysis is usually slay and this can lead to a belief that racial differences are natural and not culturally created. Park is targeting teenagers and adults because they are able to apply actuality to racial myths and therefore find amusement in the satirical portrayals of race. The anticipated audience could also include scholars since this composition was published in the Journal of Communication and scholars will be more interested in learning almost the responses of black, white, and Asian viewers and how they make sense of racial differences.Rush Hour. Screenplay by Jim Kouf and Ross LaManna. Dir. Brett Ratner. Perf. Jackie Chan and Chris Tucker. New furrow Cinema, 1998. DVD.Rush Hour, leaveed by Brett Ratner one of Hollywoods most roaring directors stars Jackie Chan and Chris Tucker. It achieved commercial success and became the 7th crownwork grossing film of 1998. The plat of the film centers on the kidnapping of the daughter of the Chine se Consol. Inspector Lee, play by Jackie Chan, is gossiped to assist in the investigation because it is viewd that the mysterious Crime noble Juntao is behind the kidnapping. Lee finds himself paired with Detective James Carter of the Los Angeles law of nature Department, contend by Chris Tucker. They gradually learn to work together and are able to reunite the family as well as discover the identity of Juntao. Rush Hour disrupts Hollywoods racial hierarchy by removing white culture and steering on Asian American and African American culture. The film is able to break down the boundaries between races and reconstruct hierarchies, but the enjoyment of many racial ideologies that are integrated within the dialogue and scenes, prove that the jokes influence the audience to reify their own racial beliefs. The film gained positive reviews about Tuckers comedic performance and how Chan and Tucker work rattling well together. This fact supports my thesis of how race-based humor nat uralizes racial differences, so the audience is more likely to focus on the true aspects of a stereotype instead of challenging the warp portrayal. The positive reception proves that there is a paradox between racist representations and widespread approval and acceptance. The movie targets teenagers and adults because they surrender preconceived notions about diametrical racial groups. Without these conceptions, the film would not be able to garner jest but rather offense.Rush Hour 2. Screenplay by Jeff Nathanson and Ross LaManna. Dir. Brett Ratner. Perf. Jackie Chan and Chris Tucker. New Line Cinema, 2001. DVD.Rush Hour 2, directed by Brett Ratner one of Hollywoods most successful directors stars Jackie Chan and Chris Tucker. It received superior box-office r until nowues and is considered one of the highest grossing martial arts films of all time. This sequel to the 1998 film Rush Hour follows Inspector Lee, played by Chan, and Los Angeles Police Detective James Carter, pl ayed by Tucker, and the adventures that they possess. Carter is on vacation see Lee in Hong Kong, but they soon find themselves implicated in a tiredal that involves counterfeit money, which brings them from Hong Kong to Los Angeles and then finally to Las Vegas. Although this movie is a comedic action film, it challenges typical Hollywood films by starring two minorities. charm minorities collect traditionalisticly been casted in the roles of a sidekick or villain, Chan and Tucker are the main protagonists. By challenging the popular notion that the track role features an individual from the dominant white race, Rush Hour 2 proposes the possibility of a cross-racial bonding between an Asian and an African American. Chan and Tucker both embody the stereotype of their particular race Chan is a undecomposed Asian man yet extremely skilled in Kung Fu, while Tucker is a tall African American who acts childish and seems very impulsive. To the everyday viewer, this movie serves as an entertaining comedy, but for such representations of race to be humorous, the audience must unconsciously accept or believe the stereotypes to be somewhat true. Thus, supporting my thesis that besides entertainment, the movie proves that race in comedy generalizes and influences people to accept racially defined characteristics. The movie targets teenagers and adults because it implies that a previous understanding of stereotypes is indispensabilityed for the jokes to make sense and take a crap their intended response, which is laughter. orbiculate Strategic solicitude Advantages and DisadvantagesGlobal Strategic guidance Advantages and DisadvantagesStrategic counseling is the process by which strategies and policies are put into action through the development of programs, budgets and procedures can be further explained that an geological formations objectives must be identified in order to develop such policies and plans. The Chief decision maker Officer (CEO) and execut ive team should implement such plans. Strategic Management provides overall direction to the whole enterprise. The organizations schema must be give up for its resources, circumstances, and objectives. (Wheelen and Hunger 2006 p. 16.) Strategy can also be defined as the procedures involving development, drafting, implementation and assessment of multi functional decisions that are employed in an organization or fast(a) so as it attains its short term and long term objectives, its the criteria used in specifying the firms mission, vision and developing of policies and plans and how to implement them with the intention of achieving the stipulated objectives. It further assigns resources for implementation of policies, plans, projects and programs. Traditionally strategic centering has been employed on a local anesthetic anesthetic basis where the objectives and plans are not world(a) oriented, but lately the traditional concepts have been embraced in a world(prenominal) directi on i.e. extending the skills in a world scale perspective.Global strategic management offers a clear insight on the effect of globalization in business management and organizations and hence it demands that managers should respond in the similar or higher intensity in order to reap in the high benefits that come with it, Managers and CEOS have to understand that the global phenomenon does not just come into play by do your firm global but they are required to develop models that embraces and resists strains from multinational networks of subsidiaries and ensure the models considers the required persistence of robust and momentous cross national differences with these in play and appreciation of the transformation that exists across borders and continents politically, culturally and economically Global Strategic management can be achieved and dividends passed on to the investors.Global strategic management involves a chasten on conceptual tools that help in navigating through the often self-contradictory and ambiguous mass of information, market, working rung and to sum it all up this all make and estimated on an international platform. There exists a series of servants that have to always be kept on the qualify and always be incorporated in the complex decision making procedures that characterizes this level of business management. Managers and business executives at this level have to appreciate the differences between the multi-domestic and global nature of running business at this level, traditional strategic management concepts which have proved successful in local mount have faced challenges on a global compass and given back futile results this in a way have led to extensive losses by the restoreed firms. With this in caput firms that are already running on a global setting or have this as a future close have not only have or plan to have a solid global strategic plan thats strictly tailored for the specific firm but have to in depth ha ve a set of monitoring and evaluation criteria of exactly what type of global strategy is theirs and and will it earn them long-term profitability and value.Due to the nature and extremity of running global firms many management techniques are to be employed, this have to effective integrate all the different departments in a synchronised and harmonious manner, this in itself boosts the overall management and performance of the firm. Global management requires employee management from the department heads to the lowest staff on the command bonds where each and every staff of each firm has to have a clear definition and understanding of the companys objectives, mission and vision. While this is being done employees have to understand that with more powers comes extra responsibilities and hence part of the strategic management plans should involve sufficient management accountability, communications and oversight from the top executives and for this to be easily achieved and in a successful manner their responsibilities have to be broken down in processes and tasks that can be easily reflected in productivity and profitability terms. And to easily attain these and continuously stir up the employees in achievement of the overall company global objective direct communication channels should be created and lower placed staff should be encouraged to use the open communication means for the attainment of the goal and their role in it should be well appreciated. In addition since on a global perspective the employees base is wide and shares extreme cultural and relational ways of lives the global firms should be able to compliment this in their employees and not fight it this is an important motivational practice especially for the workers.Global firms lease to also employ a detailed study research and SWOT (Strength, reekingnesses, opportunities and threats) analysis, and this should be done not on their already existing markets but on a wider and more chall enging global perspective. The readiness of the firms in a global welkin need to be canvass and in them more research should be done in order to maximize on their potential so as to enjoy the entire benefits of being a global firm. The weaknesses on the other hand should not at any time be pushed aside since they define the loophole if hit well can drain the company back to the ground, hence all the weak links should be investigated and be well covered in a strong strategic defence mechanism. On the other hand the opportunities that openly lie and exist in the strategic plans of the firm need to be intelligently harnessed or tapped and full benefit accrue from them. Lastly like in the local business management global arenas also exposes the business to threats which are even more complicated than the local ones, hence when developing the strategic plan for the wider market a deeper scan is mandatory and once all are identified ways of restrain them in case anything crops up ne ed to be developed, this had to be cautiously done though since one might by fear browbeat away for rucuitive opportunities by not risking. Some few changes also need to be considered when developing the global plan, increase in the number of staff in order to match the extensive work load that comes up with the global market, other mechanisms employed by firms is the change of trade name names and adopting of new and re-branded tags that sell the firm as a global entity and is more convincing to the market. The marketing of the firm as a global entity also need to be done but extremely vigorous so as to expose the firm clearly to the markets especially the global market. semipolitical differences and interferences have also been some of the most important factors for consideration in the development of a firms global strategic plans. The management has to take into consideration that the firms doesnt perform under similar political backgrounds and in each body politic they are involved the case is extremely unique and its specific conditions need to be considered and thought of completely carefully since the differences experienced from one ground to the other are important. Some of the most successful global firms even go to the extent of exchanging favours for business favours this has proved important and successful to those firms. In their planning the forms also employ social procedures which they serve the local communities with and this increases their popularity. agonistic Tactics are also very important in global strategic management, even though the market increases with size, the players in the market also increase a firm need to develop means of staying aimless in the market. The tactics have to be modern enough and able to make the customers chose it over other competitors in the market. They should be tailored to each specific consumer in each country in a language, olfactory perception and tongue they understood.Advantages of global stra tegic managementLower marketing beEconomies of scale in production and distributionAbility to leverage good ideas quickly and efficientlyHelps to encourage ancillary industries to be set up to cater foUniformity of marketing practicesPower and scope physical structure in brand imageHelps to establish relationships outside of the political arenaFrom the above its clear that this and more benefits are obtained from global strategic plans and this can be easily seen from first the scope of the work the firm does, this brings in more returns from the economies of scale that can be obtained from this. They also encouraged interaction among other firms global ones and this opens up chances and experiences for expansion one firm is able to learn from another an hence improve on areas the firm was weak before. The extended demographic coverage done by this firms also makes them gain firsthand experience on handling large number of clientele, data, resources and hence from their large port folios they can easily develop even to larger firms by expanding their global strategic plans.The advantages gained from management of a firm on a international perspective range all over business management, and if the opportunities are carefully taken and the risks technically mitigated against the success of any company on a global perspective is very imminent and should be pursued though carefully by any developing firm from any location on the globe.Disadvantages of global strategic managementDifferences in consumer response to marketing mix elements.Differences in consumer needs, wants, and usage patterns for different products.Differences in product placement at the market.Differences in administrative procedures of the company between different employees and the employer.Differences in the legal environment, some of which may conflict with those of the al-Qaida market especially when dealing with countries in the developing world.Differences in brand and product development and the competitive environment.Differences in the institutions available, some of which may call for the creation of entirely new ones (e.g. infrastructure).In a case where the global recession affect the developed worlds like our country,this may greatly affect the strategic management of the companies and this in turn affect different branches of the same company in different parts of the world, this is a great disadvantage. variant parts of the world have different laws governing investment and some of the laws and rules are hard on the foreign investors,therefore creating a big reverse gear to strategic management of the different companies.REFERENCEShttp//www.palgrave.com/business/lasserre/www.wikepedia.comhttp//mimm-ltd.com/Documents/WSGEC2009_UK_Program_Book_7-15-09-.pdfhttp//www-management.wharton.upenn.edu/mcdermott/files/MGMT655.pdf